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Question ID : # 3416
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Post Date: Tuesday, September 23, 2008
Reply Date: Tuesday, September 23, 2008
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Category: Theology --> Traditional
Replier Name: The Porch of Wisdom Institute
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1- Suppose there are several hadiths on a certain topic that differ in details (sometimes even contradicting each other) and all have “weak” or unknown narrators in their chains of narrators. Can one say that despite the fact that each of the chains of narrators aren’t reliable by themselves, yet since they are numerous, they “strengthen” each other to the extent that they become reliable? Do these hadiths reach the level of tawatur as a result?
2- Taken into consideration my first question, many hadiths have been narrated by Imam Hasan Askari’s (as) companions on the birth of the twelfth imam (as) (some hearing the news of his birth from Imam Hasan Askari (as) himself, others seeing Imam Zaman (as) after birth and yet others getting their wishes through the famous ziyarah supplication of Nahiyah Muqaddasah). Also, considering the fact that many of these hadiths are “weak” ones (given that some of the narrators in their chain of narrators are unknown or weak) and only a few of them are authentic, can we say that they strengthen the weak ones, resulting in the tawatur (when a hadith’s content and meaning has been narrated so many times to the extent that one becomes sure that what is being reported in the hadith really has taken place and that it is impossible for so many different narrators from different places and times and in various situations to have all been mistaken or have gathered and plotted to lie about the issue) of the birth of Imam Zaman (as)?


A few points need to made concerning the birth of Imam Zaman (as):

1- All of the hadiths on this subject aren’t weak, and there are also “sahih”, “mowathaq” and “hasan” (terms referring to different types of authentic hadiths) ones amongst them.  Moreover, the narrators of these narrations who have been discredited in some places, have also been considered reliable and trustworthy in others.

2- It must be noted that many of the hadiths that have been considered weak by recent scholars, were all considered authentic ones to early scholars, but because their criteria for authentic hadiths differs from that of scholars today, they would merely rely on any hadiths that they were sure had been issued from the imams without paying much attention to the chain of narrators.  Therefore, some of the narrations that might not be considered authentic today, were authentic to them.

3- Even in the case of most of these hadiths being weak, since they are so high in number, with various writers and narrators, some of them “strengthen” other ones and make up for their weaknesses thus making anyone who sees all of them together certain about the birth of Imam Zaman (as).  In other words, both Shias and Sunnis have narrated hadiths on the birth of Imam Zaman (as) and this matter is clear and accepted by all.  Of course these hadiths don’t reach the level of tawatur lafdhi (meaning that one can't claim that all of the mentioned hadiths are the same or very similar to each other in the phrases used in the hadiths making them even more reliable), yet they reach the level of tawatur ma’nawi (meaning that all of them are conveying the same message using different phrases and words, making anyone reading them certain about its true).



  


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